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中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
今年春运 “AI医生”看护这座跨海大桥****** ◎本报记者 矫 阳 杏林公铁大桥是进出厦门岛的唯一跨海铁路通道。从远处眺望，大桥犹如一条巨龙卧于海面之上，连接岛屿与大陆。进出鹭岛的铁路客货运输，都要通过这座大桥。 桥梁安全维护是重中之重。“即便几毫米的测量误差，都会成为影响铁路安全的巨大隐患。”中国铁路南昌局集团有限公司厦门工务段桥隧检测小组桥梁工安少帅说。 2023年春运，这座跨海大桥的维护用上了“AI医生”。 立在海上的桥墩，时刻经受着海浪冲刷。“冲刷面过深会影响桥梁安全，必须按时测量河床断面变化，对比历年数据，保障运输安全。”作业时，安少帅与工友格外小心谨慎。 每天上午10时，安少帅和工友们都会穿好救生衣，带齐作业设备，登上船只，驶向杏林公铁大桥。 高速航行的船上，迎面吹来的海风直钻衣领，湿冷彻骨。 到达作业地点后，安少帅即刻将一艘如模型般的小船放入水中。“这是用来测绘河床断面的‘神器’——无人测绘船。”安少帅说。 以往，检测小组开展测绘，都是借助水深探测仪，人工探入水中进行断面测量。“铁路桥大多架于江海之上，受环境影响，测量不确定因素太多。”安少帅说，有时风大，上船后人都站不稳，更别提操作设备了。 2022年，厦门工务段开始运用无人技术进行桥隧维护。 通过卫星定位系统，按既定测线巡航，无人测绘船分别测量3条测线河床断面，并同步采集三维坐标，通过数据算法绘制河床断面图，实现“肌理脉络”一目了然。 有了直观图示，便能综合分析河床断面变化，制定精准的养护维修方案。 鹰厦铁路蜿蜒于崇山峻岭、河山峡谷之中，且坡度陡峭，山上浮石众多。除了对河床断面进行测量外，桥隧检测小组还要翻山越岭，排查山体护坡和水下桥墩的安全隐患。 在山体巡检中，“AI医生”再一次“大展身手”。 山脚下，一阵“嗡嗡”声响起，只见安少帅熟练操纵着无人机环绕飞行，悬停在病害山头。随着不断调整的摄像角度，通过三维视角，危岩等潜在隐患一目了然。 以往人力爬山巡查，检测小组队员每天只能翻两座山，不仅效率低，排查也不够全面。“现在仅半天就能全方位无死角地完成两座山的查危工作。”安少帅兴奋地说。 山体检查完成后，安少帅与工友又带上“新型蛙人”，马不停蹄地前往篁渡桥进行水下探测，重点对铁路桥墩裂痕、孔洞、基础掏空等病害进行细致检查。“水下机器人安全性高，既可以实现全天候持续作业，又避免了传统蛙人在恶劣环境下作业的高风险。”安少帅说。 春运期间，铁路运输任务繁重。 “有了‘AI医生’帮忙，工作更快捷，和家人团聚的机会也多了。”说起无人技术，安少帅十分喜悦。(科技日报) （文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎） [责编：天天中] 阅读剩余全文（）  视觉焦点
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